Gray grout turns white after cleaning

Welcome to TFP.

You cannot fix it. Leave it alone and let the grout get dirty and fade.

A 50/50 acid solution was way too strong. In the future start your cleaning with a lot weaker solution.
 
same exact thing happened to me with a spa at a vacation rental condo complex, used the same ratio as you did also because I was trying to be quick and get the job done. I was so upset because of all the people that might notice it so I had to try something. Used a toothbrush style stainless wire brush after splashing a small area with water to test it out. When it’s wet it will look as if it’s perfect grey grout but you have to wait until it’s fully dry to really see if it worked. In my case it got 90% of it off first time, might give it go around one more time. A tiny amount of grout will be removed and if you’re worried about possible small scratches on tile then maybe don’t try it.
 
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